US Fed is in a holding pattern as it awaits more inflation and jobs data and clarity on President Donald Trump’s tariffs.

OThe United States Federal Reserve is holding interest rates steady and gave little insight into when further reductions in borrowing costs may take place in an economy where inflation remains above target, growth continues and the unemployment rate is low.

The Fed announced its decision on Wednesday at the end of its latest two-day meeting.

After several months in which inflation data has largely moved sideways, the US central bank dropped from its latest policy statement language saying that inflation “has made progress” towards the Fed’s 2 percent inflation goal, noting only that the pace of price increases “remains elevated”.

Recent key inflation readings remain about half a percentage point or more above the Fed’s target.

Fed officials say they largely believe the progress in lowering inflation will resume this year, but have now put rates on hold as they await data to confirm it.

“Economic activity has continued to expand at a solid pace. The unemployment rate has stabilized at a low level in recent months, and labor market conditions remain solid,” the central bank’s policy-setting Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) said in a statement.

“In considering the extent and timing of additional adjustments to the target range for the federal funds rate, the Committee will carefully assess incoming data, the evolving outlook, and the balance of risks,” it said.

The unanimous decision to keep the overnight interest rate in the current 4.25 percent to 4.5 percent range, coupled with the new statement, puts the Fed in a holding pattern as officials await further inflation and jobs data and clarity on the impact of President Donald Trump’s policies.

The Trump administration already has moved to deport some undocumented immigrants and freeze federal spending and could broaden its reach to include as soon as this weekend new import tariffs on major trading partners, such as Mexico and Canada.

In a news conference Wednesday, Fed Chair Jerome Powell largely deflected questions about recent comments from Trump, including one from last week, when Trump said he would lower oil prices and then “demand” lower rates. He also said he would speak with Powell about it.

“I’m not going to have any response or comment on whatever the president said,” Powell said. Asked if Trump had communicated his desire for lower rates directly to Powell, the Fed chair said he had “no contact”.

‘Mildly hawkish’

The decision to hold the policy rate steady was widely anticipated following three consecutive rate cuts in 2024 that reduced the Fed’s benchmark rate by a full percentage point.

There is debate at the central bank about how much further rates may need to fall, with policymakers anticipating perhaps two quarter-percentage-point rate cuts over the course of the year.

“The Fed seems to think the economy is stuck with a low unemployment rate and elevated inflation,” said Brian Jacobsen, chief economist at Annex Wealth Management. “The statement could be read to be mildly hawkish, suggesting that a little jolt to rates could kick the economy out of this equilibrium.”

Lindsay Rosner, head of multi-sector fixed-income investing at Goldman Sachs Asset Management, said, “While we continue to think the Fed’s easing cycle has not yet run its course, the FOMC will want to see further progress in the inflation data to deliver the next rate cut, highlighted by the fact they removed the reference on inflation making progress.”

Fed officials say they want to see if inflation continues to fall to the Fed’s target in the months ahead before easing monetary policy again, while also expressing uncertainty about the effect Trump’s plans will have on price pressures, the labour market and economic growth.